Pricing varies widely based on the application's complexity, with simple internal tools costing significantly less than full-featured, customer-facing platforms with complex integrations. Agencies typically charge either a fixed project fee, which requires a clearly defined scope upfront, or a time-and-materials model, which offers more flexibility but less budget predictability. Some agencies also offer a phased pricing approach tied to milestones like discovery, design, development, and testing, which can help manage risk on larger projects. Ongoing costs should be factored in too, since custom applications typically require hosting, maintenance, and periodic updates after launch. Ask for a detailed breakdown of what's included in a quote, such as the number of user roles, integrations, and rounds of testing, so you can compare proposals accurately across agencies.